Insights

Breach of contract is a violation of obligations agreed upon by the parties. A common question arises as to whether such breach can be subject to criminal sanctions under Indonesian law. This article will discuss the concept of breach of contract, its implications in Indonesian civil law, and whether such actions can trigger criminal proceedings. … Read more

Disparity in verdicts, namely significant differences in penalties imposed by the courts in similar cases, has sparked controversy and doubt among the public. This issue calls for deep reflection on the principles of justice in Indonesia’s criminal justice system. Verdict disparities result from various complex factors, including judges’ freedom in determining the type and severity … Read more

According to Article 185 of the HIR (Herziene Indonesisch Reglement), an interlocutory judgment is a decision that is not final, even though it must be pronounced during the trial. Interlocutory judgments are temporary and do not touch upon the substance of the case contained in the indictment. The stages in the trial before the interlocutory … Read more

Indonesia is one of jurisdictions that sets out merger control provisions in its Competition Law and regulations. Transactions that are subject to notification will have to be notified to the KPPU[1], after they are completed. Not all transactions are subject to notification; only those that meet certain criteria and thresholds are. Whilst Indonesia adopts post-merger … Read more